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Instructor:
Dr. Mangat R. Thapar
Course
Length:
5 Days
Course CEUs:
4.0
View Course Description
& a few Illustrations:
Course
Description:
Proper survey design and acquisition
of 3-D seismic data is vital to the success of any oil and gas exploration
and development program. This course emphasizes the importance of proper
survey design for the acquisition of 3-D seismic data that will affect
drilling success. Exercises and case histories are used to teach fundamental
principles and explain limitations and pitfalls. By the end of the course,
participants will be able to contribute effectively to the planning,
execution, and quality control of survey design and seismic data
acquisition. The proper
processing of the 3-D seismic survey is equally important to the success of
any oil and gas exploration and development program. This course emphasizes
the equal importance of proper acquisition and processing for producing a
3-D seismic survey that will affect drilling success to find oil and gas.
Exercises and processing flows are used to show fundamental principles and
explain limitations and pitfalls. By the end of the course, participants
will be able to contribute effectively to the quality control of seismic
data processing.
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Description of fundamentals of
P, S, and R waves with intuitive illustrations.
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Understand aliasing in time
and 2-D, and its effect on seismic data.
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Important steps and parameters
in data acquisition in the field.
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Thorough discussion of
vibroseis and dynamite as energy sources, and ground positioning
methods for source/receiver stations.
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Estimation of SNR and its
importance.
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Important steps in designing
and setting parameters for marine data acquisition, including
discussion of airgun arrays, and positioning methods for
source/receiver locations.
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A systematic, step by step
procedure is presented for designing a 2-D or 3-D survey
including most of the available templates and array designs.
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Basics of correct recording
geometry; shot, receiver, and CDP gather are explained.
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How to apply proper amplitude
scaling, and select the correct deconvolution and bandpass
filter.
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How to conduct, monitor or QC
velocity analysis. Detailed discussion of the relationship
between NMO and velocity.
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Discussion of static
corrections to seismic data.
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How to improve SNR with
stacking, the relationship between fold and SNR, and migration
(pre-stack, post-stack, DMO) of seismic data.
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Discussion of basic seismic
attributes, step by step VSP processing, and the effect of deep
water on data acquisition and processing.
Exercises designed to further the understanding of basic
principles in survey design and data acquisition, and processing include:
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How to relate useable offsets,
fold, and critical angle for major horizons?
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Design Vibroseis sweep and
calculate related parameters to avoid harmonics interference
with data.
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Measure ground roll velocity
and frequency from field records to design array patterns and
filters?
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Calculate Aliasing frequency
due to sampling and due to dip.
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Calculate Migration aperture
for dipping horizons.
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Design 2-D crossing lines over
a structure and calculate all required parameters.
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Design a 3-D survey over a
prospect, and calculate template parameters related to the
sources and receivers.
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Calculation of absorption
effects of P and S waves.
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How to apply relative
amplitude scaling using tn, and how to obtain the value of n
from seismic data?
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Calculate and relate critical
angle, incidence angle, offset, and fold for major horizons.
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How to quality control
velocity analysis using RMS and Interval velocities?
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How to Interpret and Identify
water bottom and peg-leg multiples, and primaries on the
records?
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A group exercise for
participants to compare, QC, and select the best seismic section
of the same line processed by different seismic data processing
companies.
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A group exercise for
participants to compare, QC, and select the best seismic section
of a line processed by a single processing company but with
different processing flows and parameters.
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As a group, participants
examine, analyze, and modify an existing acquisition parameter
and processing flow to make it suitable for AVO and seismic
attribute analysis.
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Understanding of sources in
seismic data acquisition, shot arrays, vibroseis sweep
generation and its parameters, and airgun arrays
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Array patterns for sources and
receivers
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Design 2-D and 3-D surveys for
land and marine.
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Quality control of
acquisition.
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Selection of acquisition and
processing parameters for AVO and seismic attributes.
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Overcome limitations and
pitfalls in acquisition.
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Understand the principles and
application of relative amplitude scaling and AGC.
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Learn the basic principles,
methods and pitfalls in velocity analysis.
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A good understanding of how to
relate SNR with the stacking process.
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Concepts of pre and post stack
migrations
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Optimize seismic processing
flows
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Process data for AVO and
attributes
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Processing flow for VSP data
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Overcome limitations and
pitfalls in processing.
Geologists, geophysicists, engineers, supervisors, executives and managers
involved in the design, execution and monitoring of seismic data acquisition
and processing
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Fundamentals of P, S, and R waves
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Acoustic impedance, reflectivity, amplitudes, and diffractions
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Data
acquisition field work, operations and survey
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Source and
receiver array patterns
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Marine sources and
Vibroseis sweeps
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3-D survey design
formulae, patterns
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Recording
geometry, CMP method NMO velocity and stacking, aliasing
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Recording
geometry, CMP method NMO velocity and stacking, aliasing
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Proper use of
amplitude scaling and deconvolution for AVO and attributes
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Improving data
with static and dynamic corrections
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Correlation,
convolution, deconvolution, filtering, and frequency spectra
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Time and depth
migration, DMO/VSP processing
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Seismic
attributes, VSP, and Tau-P
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Seismic survey
design and processing flow for AVO or attribute analysis
Participants should have taken a
Basic Geophysics or Introduction to
Geophysics course
prior to attending.
Participants are encouraged to bring data examples or
displays related to this course.
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